AppliedProduct selection and comparison are drawn from the owner-authorized Coating Additives Handbook. Verify current TDS/SDS and performance in the intended formulation before use.
Technical challenge
The same coating must resist settling in storage, flow during application and recover enough structure to avoid sag.
Product selection
Candidates are organized by a supplied technical handbook and the individual published TDS where available. These are starting points for trials, not confirmed equivalents or universal dosage recommendations. Grades without a SITI TDS page are not treated as formally published product profiles.
| Grade / evidence | Relevant system | Selection considerations |
|---|---|---|
| KOBOND 9002 ↗Published TDS profile · handbook slide 110Products category ↗ | Waterborne industrial primers | Liquid polyurea option for anti-settling and sag control; compare low-shear recovery with leveling. |
| KOBOND 9025 ↗Published TDS profileProducts category ↗ | Solvent-borne, solvent-free and high-solids coatings and inks | TDS-supported micronized polyamide wax; verify activation conditions and final rheology. |
| KOBOND 9008Handbook grade; TDS page unavailable · handbook slide 109Products category ↗ | Waterborne associative thickening | Handbook HEUR candidate; compare shear profile with the target application method. |
Waterborne rheology technology map
The table reproduces product-selection directions from the owner-authorized handbook. Listed grades are screening candidates, not interchangeable products or a claim that every grade has a published SITI TDS. Confirm current documentation and the complete formulation.
| Technology | Handbook-listed grades | Selection consideration |
|---|---|---|
| HASE associative alkali-swellable | KOBOND-9023 | Assess pH response and low-/high-shear viscosity in the actual waterborne binder. |
| Urea-based | KOBOND-9022 | Assess anti-settling and sag control against flow and leveling. |
| HEUR associative polyurethane | KOBOND-9008, 9009, 9010, 9012 | Compare shear profile, pigment package and application method rather than treating grades as interchangeable. |
Handbook slides 109
Different stages need different flow
A coating should resist pigment settling in storage, flow through the chosen application equipment, then recover enough structure after application to resist sagging. Raising viscosity everywhere can hinder spraying or leveling. Rheology therefore concerns the shape and time dependence of the flow response, not only a single viscosity reading. Compare low-, medium- and high-shear conditions together with recovery after shear.
Technology families
Organoclays, fumed silica, waxes and urea-based additives can form different thixotropic structures in solventborne, high-solids or solvent-free systems. Waterborne options include cellulosic thickeners, alkali-swellable emulsions (ASE), hydrophobically modified versions (HASE), and associative polyurethane modifiers (HEUR). Their response depends on formulation pH, surfactants, binder, solvent balance and processing history. A family label describes a mechanism, not a guarantee of suitability for every resin.
A useful evaluation sequence
Observe sedimentation and hard settling after storage, then measure application flow and film build under representative shear. On a vertical panel, compare sag and edge coverage; on a horizontal panel, compare leveling and surface appearance. Record addition order, activation conditions and temperature. An improvement in sag resistance that prevents flow-out is not automatically a net gain.
Formulation guidance
- Measure or compare more than one shear condition.
- Include storage, application and post-application recovery in the same trial.
- Assess sag resistance alongside leveling and film appearance.
Troubleshooting
- Pigment settles or forms hard sediment
- Assess low-shear structure and storage history together with the modifier activation procedure.
- Sag improves but leveling worsens
- Compare shear-dependent viscosity and recovery rather than raising viscosity uniformly.